Kaarboon firfircoon (AC) waxaa loola jeedaa walxaha aadka u sarreeya ee kaarboon-aceous-ka leh ee leh awood-soocidda sare iyo awoodda kala-soocidda ee laga soo saaro alwaax, qolof qumbaha, dhuxusha, iyo koollada, iwm. biyaha iyo hawada. Maaddaama, AC laga soo saaray wax-soo-saarka beeraha iyo qashinka, waxay caddaysay inay beddel weyn u tahay ilo aan la cusboonaysiin karin oo dhaqan ahaan loo isticmaali jiray. Diyaarinta AC, laba hab oo aasaasi ah, carbonization iyo activation, ayaa loo isticmaalaa. Habka ugu horreeya, horu-yaasha waxaa lagu sakhraa heerkul sare, inta u dhaxaysa 400 iyo 850 ° C, si loo saaro dhammaan qaybaha kacsan. Heerkulka sare wuxuu ka saaraa dhammaan qaybaha aan kaarboonka ahayn ee horudhaca ah sida hydrogen, oxygen, iyo nitrogen oo ah gaas iyo daamur. Habkani waxa uu soo saaraa char ka kooban kaarboon-sare laakiin bedkiisu hooseeyo iyo porosity. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tallaabada labaad waxay ku lug leedahay kicinta char hore loo sameeyay. Kordhinta cabbirka daloolka inta lagu jiro habka hawlgelinta waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex: furitaanka daldaloolooyinka aan hore loo gaadhi karin, horumarinta daldaloolada cusub ee firfircoonida xulashada, iyo ballaadhinta daldaloollada jira.
Caadi ahaan, laba waji, jireed iyo kiimiko, ayaa loo adeegsadaa firfircoonida si loo helo aagga dusha sare ee la rabo iyo porosity. Firfircoonida jireed waxay ku lug leedahay kicinta xayndaab kaarboonaysan iyadoo la adeegsanayo gaas oksaydh sida hawada, carbon dioxide, iyo uumiga heerkul sare (inta u dhaxaysa 650 iyo 900°C). Kaarboon laba ogsaydh caadi ahaan waa la door bidaa sababtoo ah dabeecadeeda saafiga ah, maaraynta fudud, iyo habka firfircoonida la xakamayn karo ee ku dhow 800 ° C. Labbiska daloolka sare waxaa lagu heli karaa firfircoonida kaarboon laba ogsaydh marka la barbardhigo uumiga. Si kastaba ha noqotee, firfircoonida jirka, uumiga ayaa aad loo doorbidaa marka la barbar dhigo kaarboon laba ogsaydh maadaama AC oo leh meel sare oo sare ah ayaa la soo saari karaa. Cabbirka molecule-ka yar ee biyaha awgeed, fidintiisa gudaha qaab dhismeedka char waxay u dhacdaa si hufan. Firfircoonida uumiga ayaa la ogaaday in ay laba ilaa saddex jeer ka sarreyso kaarboon laba ogsaydh oo leh heer isku mid ah beddelidda.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, habka kiimikaad wuxuu ku lug leeyahay isku-darka horudhaca iyo wakiilada firfircoon (NaOH, KOH, iyo FeCl3, iwm.). Wakiiladan firfircooni waxay u shaqeeyaan sidii oksaydhiyeyaasha iyo sidoo kale wakiilada fuuq-baxa. Habkan, kaarboonaysiinta iyo kicinta ayaa lagu sameeyaa isku mar marka la barbardhigo heerkulka hoose ee 300-500 ° C marka la barbardhigo habka jireed. Natiijo ahaan, waxay saameyn ku yeelataa burburka pyrolytic, ka dibna, waxay keentaa balaadhinta qaabdhismeedka daloolsan ee soo hagaagay iyo dhalidda kaarboonka sare. Faa'iidooyinka ugu waaweyn ee kiimikaad marka loo eego habka jireed waa shuruudaha heerkulka hooseeya, qaab-dhismeedka microporosity-ga sarreeya, bedka weyn ee dusha sare, iyo yaraynta waqtiga dhamaystirka falcelinta.
Sarraynta habka firfircoonida kiimikaad waxaa lagu sharxi karaa iyadoo lagu salaynayo qaab ay soo jeediyeen Kim iyo asxaabtiisa [1] sida uu qabo microdomains kala duwan oo wareegsan oo mas'uul ka ah samaynta micropores-ka ayaa laga helay AC. Dhanka kale, mesopores ayaa laga sameeyay gobollada intermicrodomain. Tijaabo ahaan, waxay samaysteen kaarboon firfircoon oo ka yimid resin-ku-salaysan phenol iyadoo la adeegsanayo kiimiko (adoo isticmaalaya KOH) iyo firfircoonida (iyaga oo isticmaalaya uumiga) (Jaantuska 1). Natiijooyinku waxay muujiyeen in AC ay ku habsatay firfircoonida KOH ay leedahay bedka sare ee 2878 m2/g marka la barbar dhigo 2213 m2/g firfircoonida uumiga. Intaa waxaa dheer, arrimo kale sida cabbirka daloolka, aagga dusha sare, mugga micropore, iyo celceliska ballaca daloolka ayaa dhammaantood lagu ogaaday in ay ku fiican yihiin xaaladaha KOH-firfircoon ee marka la barbardhigo uumiga firfircoon.
Farqiga udhaxeeya AC Waxaa laga diyaariyey firfircoonida uumiga(C6S9) iyo kicinta KOH(C6K9), siday u kala horreeyaan, lagu sharaxay qaabka qaab-dhismeedka yar yar.
Iyada oo ku xidhan cabbirka walxaha iyo habka diyaarinta, waxa loo kala saari karaa saddex nooc: AC ku shaqeeya, granular AC, iyo kuul AC. Awoodda AC waxaa laga sameeyay granules wanaagsan leh cabbir 1 mm leh dhexroor celcelis ahaan 0.15-0.25 mm. Granular AC waxa uu leeyahay cabbir ka weyn marka la barbar dhigo oogada bannaanka oo ka yar. Granular AC waxa loo isticmaalaa waji dareere kala duwan iyo codsiyada wajiga gaaska iyadoo ku xidhan cabbirkooda. Fasalka saddexaad: kuul AC guud ahaan waa laga soo saaray garoonka batroolka leh dhexroor u dhexeeya 0.35 ilaa 0.8 mm. Waxaa lagu yaqaanaa xoog farsamo oo sarreeya iyo boodhka hoose. Waxaa si aad ah looga faa'iidaystaa codsiyada sariiraha dareeraha leh sida sifaynta biyaha sababtoo ah qaabdhismeedkeeda wareegsan.
Waqtiga boostada: Jun-18-2022