Phytoremediation ee Carrada Wasakhaysan ee Birta iyadoo la adeegsanayo Waxka bedelka dabiiciga ah

Kaarboonka firfircooni wuxuu ka kooban yahay walxo kaarboon-aceous ah oo laga helay dhuxusha. Kaarboon firfircoon ayaa soo saarta pyrolysis ee walxaha dabiiciga ah ee asalka dhirta. Qalabkan waxaa ka mid ah dhuxusha, qolofka qumbaha iyo alwaax,bacaha sonkorta,qolof soybean ahiyo si kooban (Dias et al., 2007; Paraskeva et al., 2008). Miisaan xaddidan,digada xoolahaWaxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa soo saarista kaarboonka firfircoon. Isticmaalka kaarboonka firfircooni waa wax caadi ah in biraha laga saaro biyaha wasakhda ah, laakiin isticmaalkeeda biraha ka-saarista kuma badna carrada wasakhaysan (Gercel iyo Gerçel, 2007; Lima iyo Marshall, 2005b). Digada digaaga ee laga helay kaarboon firfircoon waxay lahayd awood isku xidhka birta oo aad u wanaagsan (Lima iyo Marshall, 2005a). Kaarboon firfircoon ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dib-u-habaynta wasakhowga ciidda iyo biyaha iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay qaab-dhismeedka daloolsan, bedka weyn ee dusha sare iyo awoodda xajinta sare (Üçer et al., 2006). Kaarboon firfircooni waxay ka saartaa biraha (Ni, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr) xalka iyada oo loo marayo roobab sida birta hydroxide, xayeysiinta kaarboonka firfircoon (Lyubchik et al., 2004). Caleenta Almond ee laga helay AC ayaa si wax ku ool ah Ni uga saaray biyaha wasakhda leh iyo la'aan H₂SO₄daaweynta (Xasar, 2003).

Dhawaan, biochar ayaa loo isticmaalay sidii wax-ka-beddelka ciidda sababtoo ah saameynteeda faa'iido leh ee noocyada kala duwan ee jirka iyo kiimikada (Beesley et al., 2010). Biochar waxa ku jira waxyaabo aad u sarreeya (ilaa 90%) taas oo ku xidhan agabka waalidka (Chan iyo Xu, 2009). Ku darida biochar waxay wanaajisaa xayaysinta kaarboonka dabiiciga ah ee kala diri,ciidda pH, waxay yaraynaysaa biraha ku jira caleenta caleenta ah waxayna kaabisaa nafaqooyinka macro (Novak et al., 2009; Pietikäinen et al., 2000). Joogitaanka muddada dheer ee biochar ee ciidda waxay hoos u dhigtaa gelinta biraha iyada oo loo marayo ku celcelinta wax ka beddelka kale (Lehmann iyo Joseph, 2009). Beesley iyo al. (2010) ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyay in biochar ay hoos u dhigtay Cd iyo Zn biyaha ku milmay carrada sababtoo ah kororka kaarboonka organic iyo pH. Kaarboonka firfircooni wuxuu hoos u dhigay xoogga birta (Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn) caleemaha dhirta galleyda ee lagu beeray carrada wasakhaysan marka loo eego ciidda aan waxba laga beddelin (Sabir et al., 2013). Biochar wuxuu hoos u dhigay xaddi sare oo Cd iyo Zn oo milmi kara ciidda wasakhaysan (Beesley iyo Marmiroli, 2011). Waxay soo gabagabeeyeen in kala-saarku yahay hab muhiim ah oo lagu hayo biraha carrada. Biochar waxay hoos u dhigtay uruurinta Cd iyo Zn ilaa 300- iyo 45-laab hoos u dhac ku yimid uruurintooda caleenta, siday u kala horreeyaan (Beesley iyo Marmiroli, 2011).